Climate change is a critical issue that the international community must unite to address urgently. In this session, we will present and discuss methodologies to support implementing climate change mitigation plans to achieve “Net Zero (climate neutral society)”, considering the unique situation of Japan and the wider Asian region.
Based on the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) adopted in 1992, the Conferences of the Parties (COP) to the UNFCCC has been held every year since 1995, with the objective of reducing greenhouse gas emissions effectively worldwide. Vigorous discussions have been conducted with the aim of realising this goal.
Under these circumstances, at COP21 held in Paris, France in December 2015, a new international framework was proposed and adopted as the “Paris Agreement” to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from 2020 onwards.
The Paris Agreement requires all participating countries and regions, including developing countries, to set “greenhouse gas reduction and control targets” for 2020 and beyond. It also stipulates that Parties must make efforts to prepare and submit a “long-term low-emission acceleration strategy”.
Against this background, it is critical to realise “Net Zero”, but, even though some progress can be seen, different challenges and constraints in each country have made it difficult to achieve this goal. In addition, plans must be reviewed and implemented with careful examination of feasibility in terms of achieving “Net Zero”, such as the serious impact that climate change mitigation plans might have on the sustainability of human society and ecosystems.
We implemented a ERTDF project Global analyses of climate mitigation for achieving net-zero emissions and sustainable development and worked on presenting the emission pathways necessary to achieve climate targets, evaluating the climate impacts that would occur under those emission pathways, and examining strategies for climate mitigation measures that takesustainability into account. In the session, I will introduce research results from this project,such as climate impact projections that focus on intergenerational and interregional equity, and evaluations of implication of climate mitigation policies on various sustainability aspects.
The National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES) has collaborated with researchers in Asia to apply the Asia-Pacific Integrated Model (AIM) to Asian countries and develop their dec arbonized society scenarios through the Environmental Research and Technology Development Fund S-6, 2-1908, 1-2202 and others. This presentation will introduce the results of decarbonized society scenario research in Asia. The, the roles of scenarios as research outputs and the importance of capacity development will be explained through the process of model development, scenario quantification, and communication with stakeholders as social implementation of the obtained research results in Asia.
There are growing interests in tackling climate goals and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) synergistically. It is increasingly important not only to implement but also to follow-up and review such synergistic policies for climate and the SDGs. Since 2022, the IGES research team has been studying how follow-up and review governance can be strengthened to spur further implementation to achieve the SDGs. This presentation will share the research results and discuss their implications for follow-up and review mechanisms for climate and related-synergy policies.
Integrative research approach contemplating carbon mitigation actions based on the local characteristic is discussed to identify future roadmaps and green innovation demonstration projects as well as evaluation system of existing local features and future eco-environmental effects. Based on the diagnosis of regional advantages and disadvantages, regional integrative simulation system to design optimal future targets with urban and regional scale to identify effective roadmaps has been developed. Planning and decision support system for demonstration projects to bridge present local situations and future decarbonization targets with optimal combination of technologies and social systems will be discussed. The results would be applied into implementing for eco-city panning under the interactive collaboration among public-private stakeholders. Smart monitoring systems are developed and implemented to support multi-stakeholder discussion for co-design procedures through quantification and visualization.
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