Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) have agreed to work towards limiting the increase in global average temperature to 2℃ above pre-industrial times, but the current emission path is not consistent with this 2℃ target. Achieving the 2℃ target requires not only stronger low carbon policies but also addressing various misalignment between policies, (e.g. between low-carbon policies and energy policies, fiscal and financial policies such as taxes and subsidies, and trade policies). This session introduces key messages of OECD’s “Aligning policies for the transition to a low carbon economy” project, which is an effort to achieve the 2℃ target, and also points out the necessity of policy alignment in Japan where the view of low carbon policies to achieve the 2℃ target has not been mainstreamed. Following these presentations, implications of these messages to Asia-Pacific including Japan will be discussed.